Monga momwe miyambo yaukwati ndi chisudzulo yasinthira kwazaka makumi ambiri, momwemonso zakhala zikusonyezedwa pawailesi yakanema, posachedwapa paziwonetsero monga George & Tammy, Best Things and Divorce.
Pa Januware 26, 1992, Hillary Clinton adayankhulana ndi Mphindi 60.Woimba wa cabaret a Jennifer Flowers posachedwapa adatsegula m'mabuku okhudza ubale wake wanthawi yayitali ndi woyimira pulezidenti panthawiyo a Bill Clinton.Atakhala pampando wapafupi ndi mwamuna wake, Hillary anali atavala blazer ndi hijab, ndipo maonekedwe ake apamwamba ankasonyeza kuti anali wodziimira payekha.
“Ine sindine mkazi wamng’ono amene wakhala pano, woyima pafupi ndi mwamuna wanga monga Tammy Wynette,” iye anauza wofunsayo.
Pamene adayiyika mu kalata yotseguka, Wynette anali nthano ya nyimbo za dziko panthawiyo ndi mndandanda wa # 1 hits, ndipo adakwiya."Mai.Clinton, mumanyoza mkazi ndi mwamuna aliyense amene amakonda nyimboyi, "adalemba."Ndikukhulupirira kuti mwakhumudwitsa aliyense wokonda nyimbo zakudziko komanso aliyense 'wodziyimira pawokha'."
Inde, ichi ndi chodabwitsa chachikulu.Clinton wayimirira kwenikweni pafupi ndi mwamuna wake pampando wa kirimu uyu.Iye anayimabe pambali.Ngakhale kalata yake inganene, Wynette adabwera ku Nashville ngati mayi wosakwatiwa ndipo adasudzula awiri ndi chimodzi, koma sanatero.
Mbiri ya Wynette - nyimbo, m'banja - idatsitsimutsidwanso mu "George & Tammy," mndandanda wochepa, womwe ukuwonetsedwa pa Showtime, yomwe nyenyezi Jessica Chastain monga Wynette ndi Michael Shannon monga mwamuna wake wachitatu, nyenyezi ya dziko George Jones. Mbiri ya Wynette - yoimba, ya m'banja - yatsitsimutsidwa mu "George & Tammy," mndandanda wochepa, womwe ukuwonetsedwa pa Showtime, yomwe nyenyezi Jessica Chastain monga Wynette ndi Michael Shannon monga mwamuna wake wachitatu, nyenyezi ya dziko George Jones. Nkhani ya Wynette -nyimbo, m'banja - yaukitsidwa mu mndandanda wa George & Tammy ochepa pa Showtime, yomwe ili ndi Jessica Chastain monga Wynette ndi Michael Shannon monga mwamuna wake wachitatu, katswiri wanyimbo wa dziko George Jones. Nkhani ya Wynette - nyimbo, ukwati - ikuwonekeranso mu mndandanda wa Showtime limited George & Tammy, omwe ali ndi nyenyezi Jessica Chastain monga Wynette ndi Michael Shannon monga mwamuna wake wachitatu, katswiri wanyimbo wa dziko George Jones. M'chiwonetsero chake chaukwati ndi chisudzulo, "George & Tammy" ndi imodzi mwamawonetsero aposachedwa - kukonzanso kwa HBO kwa "Scenes From Ukwati," "Fleishman Is in Trouble," "Better things," "The Split" - kuganiziranso. ndi kusokoneza chifaniziro cha momwe ukwati umathera ndi zomwe zingabwere pambuyo pake. M'chiwonetsero chake chaukwati ndi chisudzulo, "George & Tammy" ndi imodzi mwamawonetsero aposachedwa - kukonzanso kwa HBO kwa "Scenes From Ukwati," "Fleishman Is in Trouble," "Better things," "The Split" - kuganiziranso. ndi kusokoneza chifaniziro cha momwe ukwati umathera ndi zomwe zingabwere pambuyo pake. Muchiwonetsero chake chobisika chaukwati ndi chisudzulo, George & Tammy ndi imodzi mwamawonetsero angapo aposachedwa - kukonzanso kwa HBO kwa Scenes from a Ukwati, Fleischman in Trouble, Better Things, Split - kulingaliranso ndi kusokoneza malingaliro akuti momwe ukwati umathera ndi zomwe zingachitike pambuyo pake. . M'mawonekedwe ake obisika aukwati ndi chisudzulo, George & Tammy ndi imodzi mwamawonetsero aposachedwa - kukonzanso kwa HBO kwa The Marriage Scene, Fleischman in Trouble, Better Things, Split - kulingaliranso ndikusokoneza lingaliro la momwe zidathera.ukwati ndi zomwe zingachitike pambuyo pake.
"Ndizosangalatsa nthawi iliyonse tikasintha momwe banja limawonekera," adatero Abbie Morgan za kanema wake, Split, za banja la maloya osudzulana ku London, lomwe lidasindikizidwa mu nkhani yazaka zitatu yomwe idatha koyambirira kwa chaka chino.chaka."Chifukwa ndiye titha kuwulula zomwe tikufuna."
Wopambana woyamba wosudzulidwa kuti awonekere pa kanema wawayilesi mwina anali Vivian Bagley mu "Vivian Vance" pa The Lucy Show, yomwe idayamba ku 1962 (The Lucy Show).Zomwe zidachokera pachiwonetserochi, buku la Irene Campin la Life Without George, likukhudzana ndi azimayi awiri osudzulidwa, koma ngakhale izi - ngakhale ubale weniweni wa Ball ndi Desi Arnaz udasiyana - mawonekedwe ake adawonetsedwa ngati wamasiye, omwe amaganiziridwa kuti anali kudzutsa chifundo chochuluka.Carol Brady wa The Brady Family mwina adasudzulidwa, koma chiwonetserochi chinayamba mu 1969, chaka chomwe California adavomereza kusudzulana mwalamulo, ndipo dzina lake silinatchulidwepo momveka bwino.Nyenyezi ya Mary Tyler Moore Show a Mary Richards adalengezedwa kuti adasudzulana, koma maukonde akuumirira kuti chibwenzicho chatha.
Komabe, pamene gulu lomenyera ufulu wa amayi linkakulirakulira komanso kuchuluka kwa zisudzulo kukwera, akazi osudzulidwa anachulukirachulukira pawonekedwe ndi kunja kwa kanema, ndipo opanga adayesetsa kufufuza zomwe zingatheke komanso zotsatira zachuma zachisudzulo."Wailesi yakanema m'zaka za m'ma 19-70 inali ndi chidwi chofufuza nkhani zamagulu," adatero Ann Burke, wolemba The Best of Their Own Writing: Women Writers in Post-War Television.“Chisudzulo ndi vuto la anthu.”
Kodi ndichifukwa chiyani pali odziwika ochepa achimuna osudzulidwa, kupatulapo wachisoni komanso wosauka mu Nkhani ya Maluwa A Strange?Mwinamwake chifukwa chakuti chisudzulo chinatanthauza zopinga zochepera zandalama kwa amuna otchulidwa, amene mwachiwonekere anali akugwira ntchito kale ndi kusangalala ndi moyo kutali ndi kwawo kwa nthaŵi yaitali.Kuthekera kwa zowonera zatsopano kumachepetsedwa pang'ono.
Ndiponso, amuna osudzulidwa kaŵirikaŵiri amawonedwa kukhala opanda chifundo.(Mukufuna chifundo? Lembani za mwamuna wamasiye.) Ngati mkazi waphunzitsidwa kufuna kukwatiwa, nzeru yachizoloŵezi ndiyo yakuti mkaziyo ayenera kukhala ndi zifukwa zomveka zosiyira ukwatiwo.Ndipo ngati banja litha kwa iye, ndiye kuti akuwoneka kuti ndi woyenera kumumvera chisoni.Kumasulidwa kwa amuna kunali ndi zotsatira zochepa za chikhalidwe.
M’zaka za m’ma 70 ndi koyambirira kwa zaka za m’ma 80, akazi osudzulidwa ndi osudzulidwa anali nkhani za ma sitcom ambiri monga One Day at a Time, That’s Life, Alice, Maude, ndi Rhoda.-off "Mary Tyler Moore".M’ziwonetsero zimenezi zosonyeza akazi a m’tauni ogwira ntchito ndi apakati, kusudzulana nthaŵi zambiri kumakhala chivulazo chachuma ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu chimene heroine, ngwazi, kapena bwenzi lake amapirira molimba mtima.
Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m’ma 2000, mtundu watsopano wa mkazi wosudzulidwa unatulukira.Kuchokera ku "Charlotte" mu "Sex and the City" (yoyamba mu 1998) mpaka "We Got Married" (2007-2008) ndi "The Girl's Guide to Divorce" (2014-18), kuwonetsera kwa chisudzulo kwakhala kokongola kwambiri. mwayi.Ndi chiwembu chachikulu, kupatukana kumapereka mwayi kwa amayi kuti adzidziwitse okha, ngakhale kumasulidwa kwawo nthawi zambiri kumangokhalira kusankha moyo wapamwamba komanso kupeza okwatirana atsopano.Izi zikusonyeza kuti amayi samangosudzula akazi awo, komanso nkhani za ndale.(Chiwonetsero chimodzi chofunika kwambiri: The Design of Women, yomwe inatha mu 1993, inali ndi munthu mmodzi wosudzulidwa, Annie Potts 'Mary Jo, yemwe anali ndi ndalama zambiri pa kumasulidwa kwa amayi, ndi wina, Suzanne wa Delta Burke, yemwe sanali.)
Suzanne Leonard, pulofesa wachingerezi ku Simmons University komanso mlembi wa Company of Wives: The Business of Marriage in the 21st Century, amawona zowonetsa ngati zitsanzo za post-feminism kapena “choice feminism,” lomwe ndi lingaliro lomwe mkazi aliyense amachita ndi kuwoneka ngati kuthekera kokulitsa maufulu ndi mwayi.“M’kati mwa funde lachiŵiri la ulamuliro wa ukazi, panali nkhani zambiri zokhudza mavuto azachuma a chisudzulo,” iye anatero."Ndipo zotulukapo izi sizingachitike."
Kugogomezera kumasuka kwa mkaziyo kwapitirirabe m’ziwonetsero monga The Amazing Mayi Maisel, amene khalidwe lake linakhala sewero lanthabwala pambuyo pa kulekana, Grace ndi Frankie, ponena za moyo pambuyo pa chisudzulo ndi mwamuna wake, temberero lotalikirapo, ndi Good Afternoon.Mkazi, momwe mkazi wa ndale amasangalala banja lake litasweka (ndipo amawulula makhalidwe ake okayikitsa).
Koma m’zaka zisanu zapitazi, ziwonetsero zowonjezereka zayamba kufufuza mbali ya ndondomeko ya chisudzulo.(Kumasulidwa kwa amuna? Nthawi yanu yafika.) Sharon Hogan (“Zoopsa”) adapanga Divorce, yomwe idawulutsidwa pa HBO kuyambira 2016 mpaka 2019 pomwe banja lake likadali moyo.Koma ngakhale zinali choncho, iye anatsimikiza mtima kusonyeza mbali zonse za magawanowo.Poyankhulana pa foni yaposachedwa, adanena kuti ali ndi chidwi chofuna "kufufuza zomwe zimakupangitsani kuti mukhale ndani kapena ayi komanso kuti ndi anthu ati omwe angafune kubwerera."
“Chisudzulo” ndi ena a m’nthaŵi yake – “Munthu Wanyama M’vuto”, “Chikondi”, “Zithunzi za Moyo Waukwati” - amasonyeza kuti kusudzulana sikuyenera kukhala tsoka kapena mpumulo.( The New Adventures of Old Christina, yemwe heroine wake anali wosokonezeka chisudzulo chake chisanachitike monga momwe anakhalira pambuyo pake, anali wotsogolera mkangano.) Chisudzulo, ziwonetserozi zimatsutsa, zidzathetsa mavuto ena, koma osati kwenikweni ena.kawirikawiri amatanthauza mapeto omaliza a ubale, makamaka pankhani ya ana.
"Ichi ndiye chinsinsi chomwe palibe amene anganene: Mukakonda munthu, simusiya kumukonda," adatero Abe Sylvia, wopanga "George & Tammy". "Ichi ndiye chinsinsi chomwe palibe amene anganene: Mukakonda munthu, simusiya kumukonda," adatero Abe Sylvia, wopanga "George & Tammy"."Ndi chinsinsi chomwe palibe amene anganene: ngati mumakonda munthu, simudzasiya kumukonda," adatero Abe Sylvia, wopanga George ndi Tammy. “這是沒有人会說的秘密：一旦你爱一个人，你就不会停止爱他們，”“George & Tammy”的创作者Abe Sylvia. “這是沒有人会說的秘密：一旦你爱一个人，你就不会停止爱他們，”“George & Tammy”的创作者Abe Sylvia. "Pali chinsinsi chomwe palibe amene amaulula: ukakonda munthu, susiya kumukonda," akutero Abe Sylvia, wopanga George & Tammy."Mutha kukhala ndi mkwiyo komanso ukali wambiri, koma zonse zimachokera ku kulumikizana komwe kuli koletsedwa."
"George & Tammy" ikuwonetsa kusudzulana ngati kuli kofunikira, chotsatira cha uchidakwa wa George. "George & Tammy" ikuwonetsa kusudzulana ngati kuli kofunikira, chotsatira cha uchidakwa wa George.“George ndi Tammy” imasonyeza chisudzulo kukhala chotulukapo chofunika cha uchidakwa wa George. “George & Tammy”将离婚描述為必要的，這是乔治酗酒的结果. George ndi Tammy“George ndi Tammy” imasonyeza chisudzulo kukhala chotulukapo chofunika cha uchidakwa wa George.Koma lamuloli silinalekanitse mgwirizano pakati pa awiriwa, omwe tsopano anali olumikizana payekha komanso mwaukadaulo.Kutha kwa banja sikumamasula Tammy.Ukwati wake wotsatira kwa wolemba nyimbo komanso wopanga George Rich (Steve Zahn) wafotokozedwa ngati woyipa kwambiri.Nkhani zomwezo zomwe zidavutitsa Tammy asanasudzulane - ntchito yayikulu yomwe pamapeto pake idasokoneza thanzi lake komanso makonda ake - idakhalabe naye.
“Kodi anthu amapeza mphamvu imeneyi m’nkhani yachitatu?Ndikuganiza kuti ndi bodza,” akutero Sylvia."Tonse timanyamula katundu wa maubwenzi athu onse.George ndi Tammy sakunena zoona.”
Ziŵerengero za zisudzulo zatsika m’zaka zaposachedwapa, mwa zina chifukwa chakuti chiŵerengero cha maukwati chatsikanso.(Malinga ndi kalembera waposachedwapa, 5.1 mwa anthu 1,000 aliwonse a ku America ndi okwatira ndipo 2.3 anasudzulidwa.) Panthaŵi imodzimodziyo, mbali zina za chikhalidwe zimaoneka ngati zikuona kuti mabanja a makolo ayenera kupulumutsidwa—mwachitsanzo, TikTok imalimbikitsa moyo. Kanema kapena Republican Rhetoric Condemning No-Fault Divorce Divorce, komabe, angapereke mpata woganiziranso zomangazi moyenera, monga momwe zimakhalira.
"Pali njira zambiri zoyambira banja," a Ona Gulanik, katswiri wa zama psychoanalyst komanso nyenyezi ya Showtime improv Couples Therapy, adatero poyankhulana pafoni posachedwa.“Mwamuna ndi mkazi m’banja linalake ndi njira yokhayo imene angachitire.”
Zina mwa ziwonetsero zakale zidapereka mitundu ina ya mabanja.Mu The Golden Girls, yomwe inayamba mu 1985, chisudzulo cha Dorothy ndi Stan chinatsogolera ku makonzedwe ake atsopano. "Kate & Allie," yomwe idayamba chaka chatha, ikuwonetsa zongopeka zomwe azimayi awiri osudzulidwa ndi ana awo amatha kugawana ndi West Village brownstone. "Kate & Allie," yomwe idayamba chaka chatha, ikuwonetsa zongopeka zomwe azimayi awiri osudzulidwa ndi ana awo amatha kugawana ndi West Village brownstone.Kate ndi Ellie, zomwe zidayamba chaka chapitacho, ndi zongopeka zokongola momwe azimayi awiri osudzulidwa ndi ana awo amagawana nyumba yonse ya brownstone ku West Village. Kate & Ally, yomwe idayamba chaka chatha, ndi nthano yokongola momwe azimayi awiri osudzulidwa ndi ana awo amagawana nyumba yonse ya brownstone ku West Village.Posachedwapa mu Better Things and Split , akazi osudzulidwa akhoza kukhala ndi moyo wolemera ndi watanthauzo popanda kufunafuna okwatirana atsopano.
Mu Zinthu Zabwino, zomwe zidatha koyambirira kwa chaka chino, Pamela Adlon amasewera Sam, mayi wosakwatiwa komanso wochita zisudzo yemwe mbiri yake ikufanana ndi ya Adlon.Ali ndi ana aakazi atatu omwe akukula, gulu la abwenzi amphamvu, ndi mayi kutsidya lina la msewu, moyo wa Sam ndi wotanganidwa kwambiri.
Kumayambiriro kwa nyengo yachitatu yawonetsero, amakumbukira kuyankha mafunso kuchokera kwa atolankhani okhudza yemwe Sam angagwirizane naye, kulimbikitsanso kutsimikiza mtima kwa Adlon kusiya Sam wosakwatiwa."Ndipamene ndinazindikira kufunika kokhalabe panjira ndikuganizira za moyo wanga komanso moyo wa amayi ena ambiri omwe sanamangidwenso mabanja awo," adatero.
Iyi ndi imodzi mwa mphatso zazikulu kwambiri za kanema wawayilesi - kuthekera kowonetsa moyo wathu kwa ife, kutsegulira mwayi wina watsopano.Mwachitsanzo, kutha kwa "Kugawanika" kunatsindika ubale wa Hannah Nicole Walker ndi banja lake m'malo momukankhira kwa bwenzi latsopano.
Morgan adajambula mathero awiri, imodzi yomwe imafotokoza za tsogolo lachikondi la Hannah."Koma kwenikweni, nditaziwona, ndidachita mantha," adatero.“Ndimalingalira za mabwenzi anga onse amene anasudzulana, ndipo pazifukwa zina ndimabwereza mawu akuti: “Simuli angwiro kufikira mutakhala ndi unansi watsopano.”
Morgan sakutsutsana ndi chikondi, adalongosola, osati kutsutsana ndi ukwati.Iye anali ndi mwamuna wake, wolemba Jacob Krichefsky, kwa zaka 22.Koma amakhulupirira mitundu ina ya chikondi, mgwirizano ndi banja.
Iye anati: “Nthawi zonse anthu amafuna mapeto abwino."Tikungosintha lingaliro la zomwe mathero osangalatsa ali."
Nthawi yotumiza: Dec-16-2022