Njengoko izithethe zomtshato noqhawulo-mtshato ziye zatshintsha kule minyaka ingamashumi eminyaka, ngokunjalo ukubonakaliswa kwazo kumabonwakude, kutsha nje kwimiboniso efana noGeorge noTammy, Izinto eziNgcono kunye noDivorce.
NgoJanuwari 26, 1992, uHillary Clinton wenze udliwanondlebe kwiMizuzu engama-60.Imvumi yeCabaret uJennifer Flowers kutshanje uye wavula i-tabloids malunga nobudlelwane bakhe bexesha elide nomgqatswa owayengumongameli uBill Clinton.Ehleli esofeni ecaleni komyeni wakhe, uHillary wayenxibe iblazer nehijab, yaye inkangeleko yakhe yayibonisa ukuzimela geqe.
“Andingomfazi omncinane uhleli apha, ndimi ecaleni kwendoda yam njengoTammy Wynette,” waxelela lowo wayedlan’ indlebe naye.
Njengoko wayibeka kwileta evulekileyo, u-Wynette wayeyintsomi yomculo welizwe ngelo xesha kunye ne-streak ye-#1 hits, kwaye wayenomsindo."Nks.UClinton, uthuka wonke umntu obhinqileyo namadoda athanda le ngoma,” ubhale watsho.Ndiyakholelwa ukuba ukhubekisile wonke umlandeli womculo welizwe lokwenyani naye wonke umntu 'ozimeleyo'.
Kakade ke, le yimpoxo enkulu.UClinton umi ngokoqobo ecaleni kwendoda yakhe kule sofa yekhrimu.Uye wema ecaleni.Nangona ileta yakhe inokucebisa, uWynette weza eNashville njengomama ongatshatanga waza waqhawula umtshato kabini kunye nomnye, kodwa akazange.
Imbali kaWynette - umculo, umtshato - ivuselelwe kwi "George & Tammy," uthotho olulinganiselweyo, oludlala kwi-Showtime, eneenkwenkwezi uJessica Chastain njengoWynette kunye noMichael Shannon njengomyeni wakhe wesithathu, inkwenkwezi yelizwe uGeorge Jones. Imbali kaWynette - eyomculo, yomtshato - ivuselelwe kwi "George & Tammy," uthotho olulinganiselweyo, olusasazwa kwi-Showtime, edlala uJessica Chastain njengoWynette kunye noMichael Shannon njengomyeni wakhe wesithathu, inkwenkwezi yelizwe uGeorge Jones. Ibali likaWynette—lomculo, umtshato—livuswe kuluhlu olulinganiselweyo lweGeorge & Tammy kwi-Showtime, eneenkwenkwezi uJessica Chastain njengoWynette kunye noMichael Shannon njengomyeni wakhe wesithathu, inkwenkwezi yomculo welizwe uGeorge Jones. Ibali likaWynette - lomculo, umtshato - livela kwakhona kuthotho lwe-Showtime olulinganiselweyo uGeorge & Tammy, odlala ngeenkwenkwezi uJessica Chastain njengoWynette kunye noMichael Shannon njengomyeni wakhe wesithathu, inkwenkwezi yomculo welizwe uGeorge Jones. Kumfanekiso wayo omnandi womtshato kunye noqhawulo-mtshato, "uGeorge & Tammy" ngomnye wemiboniso yamva nje- i-HBO remake ethi "Izigcawu Zomtshato," "Inyama isengxakini," "Izinto ezingcono," "Ukwahlukana" - ukucinga kwakhona. kunye nokwenza nzima ukumelwa kokuphela komtshato noko kunokuza emva koko. Kumfanekiso wayo omnandi womtshato kunye noqhawulo-mtshato, "uGeorge & Tammy" ngomnye wemiboniso yamva nje- i-HBO remake ethi "Izigcawu Zomtshato," "Inyama isengxakini," "Izinto ezingcono," "Ukwahlukana" - ukucinga kwakhona. kunye nokwenza nzima ukumelwa kokuphela komtshato noko kunokuza emva koko. Kumzobo wayo ochuliweyo womtshato noqhawulo-mtshato, uGeorge noTammy ngomnye wemiboniso yamva nje-ukwenziwa kwakhona kwe-HBO yeZibonelelo zoMtshato, iFleischman kwiNgxaki, izinto eziNgcono, uKwahlula-ukucinga kwakhona kunye nokuntsonkotha imbono yokuba umtshato uphela kwaye yintoni enokwenzeka emva koko. . Kumzobo wayo ochuliweyo womtshato kunye noqhawulo-mtshato, uGeorge & Tammy ngomnye wemiboniso yamva nje-ukwenziwa kwakhona kwe-HBO yeSimo soMtshato, iFleischman kwiNgxaki, Izinto eziNgcono, Ukwahlula-ukucinga kwakhona kunye nokudibanisa umbono wendlela ophele ngayo.umtshato nento enokwenzeka emva kwawo.
“Kuyinto enomdla ngalo lonke ixesha sitshintsha indlela usapho olujongeka ngayo,” utshilo u-Abbie Morgan ngomdlalo wakhe wesikrini, u-Split, malunga nosapho lwamagqwetha aqhawule umtshato eLondon, olwapapashwa kumcimbi wesizini ezintathu ophele ekuqaleni kwalo nyaka.unyaka."Kuba ke sinokutyhila iinjongo zethu."
Umlinganiswa wokuqala oqhawule umtshato owavela kumdlalo kamabonakude oshicilelweyo mhlawumbi uVivian Bagley kwi “Vivian Vance” kwiLucy Show, eyaqala ngo-1962 (Lucy Show).Imithombo yomthombo walo mboniso, inoveli ka-Irene Campin ethi Life Without George, igxile kubafazi ababini abaqhawule umtshato, kodwa nangona oku—nangona ubuhlobo bokwenyani beBhola kunye noDesi Arnaz bohlukene—umlingiswa wakhe waboniswa njengomhlolokazi, ekwakucingelwa ukuba wayeyiyo. vusa uvelwano ngakumbi.UCarol Brady we-Brady Family usenokuba wayeqhawule umtshato, kodwa umboniso waqala ngo-1969, kwangaloo nyaka apho iCalifornia yamkele uqhawulo-mtshato olusemthethweni, kwaye isazisi sakhe asizange sichazwe ngokucacileyo.Inkanyezi kaMary Tyler Moore Show uMary Richards yayibhengezwe njengoqhawule umtshato, kodwa inethwekhi igxininisa ukuba uthethathethwano luphelile.
Nangona kunjalo, njengokuba umbutho wenkululeko yabasetyhini wawusanda kwaye namazinga oqhawulo-mtshato aye enyuka, abafazi abaqhawule umtshato baye baxhaphaka ngakumbi ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwesikrini, kwaye abadali bazama ukuphonononga iziphumo zengxelo kunye nentlalo-qoqosho yoqhawulo-mtshato."Umabonwakude kwi-19-70s wayenomdla kakhulu ekuphononongeni imiba yentlalontle," watsho uAnn Burke, umbhali weThe Best of their Own Writing: Ababhali babasetyhini kwi-Post-War Television.“Uqhawulo-mtshato yingxaki yasekuhlaleni.”
Kutheni kukho abalinganiswa abambalwa abaqhawule umtshato, ngaphandle komlinganiswa olusizi nohlwempuzekileyo kwibali leentyatyambo ezingaqhelekanga?Mhlawumbi ngenxa yokuba uqhawulo-mtshato luthetha imiqobo ephantsi yezemali kubalinganiswa abangamadoda, ekucingelwa ukuba babesele besebenza kwaye benandipha ubomi kude nekhaya ixesha elide.Ukubakho kwemibono emitsha kuncitshiswe kuncinci.
Ukongezelela, amadoda aqhawule umtshato ngokufuthi agqalwa njengangenaluvelwano.(Ufuna uvelwano? Bhala ngomhlolo.) Ukuba umfazi ufundiswe ukuba afune ukutshata, ubulumko obuqhelekileyo kukuba umfazi umele abe nezizathu ezivakalayo zokuwushiya umtshato.Yaye ukuba umtshato uyaphela kuye, ngoko ubonakala efanelwe yimfesane engakumbi.Inkululeko yamadoda yayineziphumo ezimbalwa zentlalo.
Kwiminyaka yama-70s nasekuqaleni kwe-80s, abafazi abaqhawule umtshato nabaqhawule umtshato babengumxholo we-sitcoms ezininzi ezifana ne-One Day at a Time, That's Life, Alice, Maude, kunye noRhoda.-off "uMary Tyler Moore".Kule miboniso igxininise kumabhinqa asezidolophini asebenzayo nakumgangatho ophakathi, uqhawulo-mtshato ludla ngokuba yingozi kwezoqoqosho nakwezentlalo ethi iqhawekazi, iqhawekazi, okanye iqabane linyamezele ngenkalipho.
Ekuqaleni kweminyaka yoo-2000, kwavela uhlobo olutsha lomfazi oqhawule umtshato.Ukusuka ku-“Charlotte” kwi-“Sex and the City” (eyaqalayo ngo-1998) ukuya kuthi “Satshata” (2007-2008) kunye ne “The Girl’s Guide to Divorce” (2014-18), ukuboniswa koqhawulo-mtshato kuye kwathandeka ngakumbi kwaye. nelungelo.licebo eliphambili, ukwahlukana kunika abasetyhini ithuba lokuphinda bazibonakalise, nangona ukukhululwa kwabo kuhlala kunqunyelwe ekukhetheni ubomi obutofotofo kunye nokufumana amaqabane amatsha.Oku kubonisa ukuba abasetyhini abaqhawuli nje kuphela imitshato yabo, kodwa nakwimiba ebanzi yezopolitiko.(Omnye umboniso ophambili: Uyilo lwaBasetyhini, olwaphela ngo-1993, lubonisa umlinganiswa omnye oqhawule umtshato, uAnnie Potts kaMary Jo, owayetyale imali kakhulu kwinkululeko yabasetyhini, kunye nomnye, uSuzanne kaDelta Burke, owayengekho.)
USuzanne Leonard, unjingalwazi wesiNgesi kwiYunivesithi yaseSimmons kunye nombhali weNkampani yaBafazi: Ishishini loMtshato kwiNkulungwane yama-21, ubona imiboniso enjalo njengemizekelo ye-post-feminism okanye “ukhetho lobufazi,” okuyingcinga apho nawuphi na umntu obhinqileyo enzayo. zibonwa njengamandla okwandisa amalungelo kunye namathuba.“Ngeliza lesibini lolwaluko lobufazi, kwakukho iintetho ezininzi malunga nefuthe loqhawulo-mtshato ngokwasezimalini,” utshilo."Kwaye ezo ziphumo zivaliwe ngokwenene."
Olu gxininiso kwinkululeko yobuqu yebhinqa luye lwaqhubeka kwimiboniso efana neNkskz. Maisel emangalisayo, umlinganiswa wakhe waba liqhula emva kokwahlukana, uGrace noFrankie, malunga nobomi emva koqhawulo-mtshato kumyeni wakhe, isiqalekiso esandisiweyo, kunye noNtambama Olungileyo.Umfazi, apho inkosikazi yezopolitiko iphumelela emva kokuba umtshato wakhe uqhawuka (kwaye ubhenca ezakhe iinqobo ezisesikweni ezithandabuzekayo).
Kodwa kule minyaka mihlanu idluleyo, imiboniso emininzi iye yaqalisa ukuhlola icala lenkqubo yoqhawulo-mtshato.(Inkululeko yamadoda? Ixesha lakho lifikile.) U-Sharon Hogan ("Intlekele") udale i-Divorce, eyasasazwa kwi-HBO ukusuka kwi-2016 ukuya kwi-2019 ngelixa umtshato wakhe wawusaphila.Kodwa nangona kunjalo, wayezimisele ukubonisa amacala omabini.Kudliwano-ndlebe lwamva nje lwefowuni, uthe unomdla “ekuphononongeni into ebangela ukuba ujonge ukuba ngubani omsusayo okanye ombi ngakumbi kwaye ngabaphi abalinganiswa abafuna ukubuya.
“Uqhawulo-mtshato” kunye nabo babephila ngexesha lalo – “Indoda Yenyama Engxakini”, “Uthando”, “Imifanekiso Evela Kubomi Bomtshato” - ibonisa ukuba uqhawulo-mtshato alufanele lube yintlekele okanye isiqabu.(IThe New Adventures of Old Christina, iqhawekazi lakhe lalibhidekile ngaphambi kokuba liqhawule umtshato njengoko lalinjalo emva koko, lalingumanduleli owayenempikiswano.) Le miboniso iphikisa ngelithi, uqhawulo-mtshato luya kuzicombulula ezinye iingxaki, kodwa ngokuyimfuneko ezinye.kunqabile kuthetha isiphelo sokugqibela sobudlelwane, ngakumbi xa kufikwa ebantwaneni.
“Le yimfihlelo ekungekho mntu uya kuthi: Nje ukuba uthande umntu, awuyeki ukumthanda,” utshilo uAbe Sylvia, umyili we “George & Tammy”. “Le yimfihlelo ekungekho mntu uya kuthi: Nje ukuba uthande umntu, awuyeki ukumthanda,” utshilo uAbe Sylvia, umyili we “George & Tammy”.“Yimfihlo ekungekho mntu uya kuyixela: ukuba uyamthanda umntu, awuzukuyeka ukumthanda,” utshilo uAbe Sylvia, umyili kaGeorge noTammy. “這是沒有人会說的秘密：一旦你爱一个人，你就不会停止爱他們，”“George & Tammy”的创作者Abe Sylvia. “這是沒有人会說的秘密：一旦你爱一个人，你就不会停止爱他們，”“George & Tammy”的创作者Abe Sylvia. “Nantsi imfihlelo ekungekho mntu uyityhilayo: xa sele umthanda umntu, awuyeki ukumthanda,” utshilo u-Abe Sylvia, umdali kaGeorge & Tammy."Unokuba nomsindo omkhulu kunye nomsindo, kodwa zonke zivela kumbindi wonxibelelwano ovaliweyo."
"UGeorge & Tammy" ubonisa uqhawulo-mtshato njengoko kuyimfuneko, isiphumo sokukhotyokiswa butywala kukaGeorge. "UGeorge & Tammy" ubonisa uqhawulo-mtshato njengoko kuyimfuneko, isiphumo sokukhotyokiswa butywala kukaGeorge.Incwadi ethi “George noTammy” ichaza uqhawulo-mtshato njengomphumo oyimfuneko wokukhotyokiswa butywala kukaGeorge. “George & Tammy”将离婚描述為必要的，這是乔治酗酒的结果. UGeorge kunye noTammyIncwadi ethi “George noTammy” ichaza uqhawulo-mtshato njengesiphumo esiyimfuneko sokukhotyokiswa butywala kukaGeorge.Kodwa lo mthetho awuzange uwaqhawule amaqhina phakathi kwezi zibini, ebezikade zithungelana ngokobuqu nangobuchule.Uqhawulo-mtshato alumkhululi uTammy.Umtshato wakhe olandelayo kumbhali weengoma kunye nomvelisi uGeorge Rich (Steve Zahn) uchazwe njengowona umbi.Imiba efanayo neyayithwaxa uTammy ngaphambi koqhawulo-mtshato - umsebenzi onzima owathi ekugqibeleni wachaphazela impilo yakhe kunye nokunamathela kwakhe okukhulu - wahlala naye.
Ngaba abantu bafumana la mandla kwisenzo sesithathu?Ndicinga ukuba bubuxoki,” utsho uSylvia.“Sonke sihlala sithwele imithwalo yabo bonke ubudlelwane bethu.UGeorge noTammy banyanisekile ngaloo nto.”
Uqhawulo-mtshato luye lwehla kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ngokuyinxenye ngenxa yokuba inani lemitshato liye lehla.(Ngokobalo lwamva nje, isi-5.1 kwabali-1 000 baseMerika batshatile yaye abangama-2.3 baqhawule umtshato.) Kwangaxeshanye, ezinye iimbombo zesithethe zivakalelwa kukuba izakhiwo zeentsapho zesithethe zifuna ukusindiswa—ngokomzekelo, iTikTok ikhuthaza ubomi. Ividiyo okanye iRiphabhlikhi yeRhetoric egweba i-No-Fault Divorce Divorce, nangona kunjalo, inokunika ithuba lokucinga ngokutsha ngezi zakhiwo ngendlela ephilileyo, njengoko isenza.
“Zininzi iindlela zokuqalisa usapho,” utshilo u-Ona Gulanik, ugqirha wengqondo kunye nenkwenkwezi yomdlalo ophucukileyo we-Showtime Couples Therapy, kudliwanondlebe lwakutsha nje."Umyeni nomfazi kumtshato othile lukhetho nje."
Eminye yemiboniso yangaphambili inikezela ngeendlela ezizezinye zosapho.KwiThe Golden Girls, eyaqala ngowe-1985, ukuqhawula umtshato kukaDorothy noStan kwakhokelela kumalungiselelo akhe amatsha okuhlala. "UKate & Allie," eyaqala kunyaka ongaphambili, ibonisa iphupha elihle apho abafazi ababini abaqhawule umtshato kunye nabantwana babo bayakwazi ukwabelana ngelitye elimnyama laseWest Village. "UKate & Allie," eyaqala kunyaka ongaphambili, ibonisa iphupha elihle apho abafazi ababini abaqhawule umtshato kunye nabantwana babo bayakwazi ukwabelana ngelitye elimnyama laseWest Village.UKate no-Ellie, abaqale kunyaka ongaphambili, yintelekelelo entle apho abafazi ababini abaqhawule umtshato kunye nabantwana babo babelana ngendlu yonke yaseWest Village. UKate & Ally, eqale kunyaka ophelileyo, yintelekelelo entle apho abafazi ababini abaqhawule umtshato kunye nabantwana babo babelana ngendlu yonke yaseWest Village emdaka.Kutshanje kwiZinto eziNgcono kunye neSplit, abafazi abaqhawule umtshato banokuphila ubomi obutyebileyo nobunenjongo ngaphandle kokufuna amaqabane amatsha.
Kwizinto eziNgcono, ezigqitywe ekuqaleni kwalo nyaka, uPamela Adlon udlala noSam, umama ongatshatanga kunye nomlingisi ochwepheshile onemvelaphi ehambelana neka-Adlon.Ngamantombazana amathathu akhulayo, iqela labahlobo abaguqukayo, kunye nomama ongaphesheya kwesitrato, ubomi bukaSam buxakeke kakhulu.
Ukukhokelela kwixesha lesithathu lomboniso, ukhumbula ephendula imibuzo evela kumajelo eendaba malunga nokuba ngubani na onokuthi uSam agqitywe naye, eqinisa ngakumbi ukuzimisela kuka-Adlon ukushiya uSam engatshatanga.“Kulapho ndaye ndabona ukuba kubaluleke kangakanani ukuhlala ndisendleleni kwaye ndicamngce ngobomi bam kunye nobomi babanye abantu basetyhini abangazange bakhe ngokutsha iintsapho zabo,” utshilo.
Ngokuqinisekileyo esi sesona sipho sikhulu sikamabonakude – ukukwazi ukubonakalisa ubomi bethu kuthi, sivulela ithuba lobutsha.Umzekelo, isiphelo se "The Split" sigxininise ubudlelwane phakathi kukaHannah Nicole Walker kunye nosapho lwakhe kunokuba amtyhalele kwiqabane elitsha.
UMorgan wafota iziphelo ezibini, esinye sazo sachaza ikamva lothando likaHana.Kodwa eneneni, xa ndiyibonayo, ndabethwa ngumoya,” utshilo.“Ndicinga ngabo bonke abahlobo bam abaye baqhawula umtshato, yaye ngenxa yesizathu esithile ndiphinda eli binzana: “Awufezekanga de ube nolwalamano olutsha.”
UMorgan akachasene nothando, wachaza, kwaye akachasene nomtshato.Wayekunye nomyeni wakhe, umbhali uJacob Krichefsky, iminyaka engama-22.Kodwa ukholelwa kwezinye iindlela zothando, intsebenziswano kunye nosapho.
“Abantu basoloko befuna isiphelo esonwabisayo,” utshilo."Sitshintsha nje umbono wokuba yintoni isiphelo esonwabisayo."
Ixesha lokuposa: Dec-16-2022