Ukuthuthukiswa kwemboni yefenisha isimo samanje kanye nokuhlaziywa kwezitayela zemboni Ifenisha
njengezimpahla eziningi zabantu, ezimweni zokuphila zabantu zikhula ngokushesha, ukwakhiwa kwendawo yokuhlala ngaphansi kwesimo sokuthuthuka ngokushesha kanye nomthamo omkhulu wemakethe, isilinganiso senzuzo yesilinganiso siphezulu kakhulu kunesilinganiso senzuzo yesilinganiso senhlalo yemboni, ngakho-ke embonini yefenisha imboni ukutshalwa kwezimali kwezimali kanye nokwandiswa kwaleyo evelele kakhulu.Ekuqaleni kwawo-1980, bekunamabhizinisi efenisha ayi-3,500 e-China, anabasebenzi abangu-300,000 kanye nenani eliphelele lomkhiqizo lama-yuan ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-5.36.Ngo-1998, kwase kunamabhizinisi efenisha angu-30,000 eShayina, anabasebenzi abayizigidi ezimbili kanye nenani eliphelele lomkhiqizo lama-yuan ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-78.Njengamanje, bangaphezu kuka-50,000 abakhiqizi befenisha eChina, baqashe abantu ababalelwa ezigidini ezi-5.5.Kusukela ku-$1.297 billion ngo-1996 kuya ku-$5.417 billion ngo-2002?Ukuthengiswa kwefenisha yaseShayina kukhuphuke ngamaphesenti angaphezu kwama-30 ngokwesilinganiso.
Umqedazwe we-COVID-19 uhlasele imboni yefenisha: ngakolunye uhlangothi, izingodo zakwamanye amazwe azikwazi ukungena eChina, okuholela entengo yokhuni, ngakolunye uhlangothi, imakethe yezindlu ebuthakathaka, ukuthengiswa kwefenisha yasekhaya kwehle kakhulu.
Lolu bhubhane luzoqeda amabhizinisi amancane abuthaka, kepha isitokwe semakethe yemboni yefenisha akufanele siguquke ngo-2020, ngakho-ke amabhizinisi amakhulu asekhona namabhizinisi emikhiqizo azoba namathuba amaningi.
Ngokujwayelekile kokuvimbela nokulawula ubhubhane, kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwesidingo sempilo yasekhaya emindenini ewubhubhane, kulindeleke ukuthi kube nokukhula okukhulu engxenyeni yesibili yonyaka.Ngokuzayo, imboni yefenisha yaseChina izothuthuka ibheke kwezobunhloli.
I. Ukuhlaziywa kwesimo samanje semboni yefenisha
1. Inani lamabhizinisi efenisha
Kunenqwaba yamabhizinisi efenisha eChina.Eminyakeni yakamuva, imboni yefenisha yaseShayina ibilokhu ilungisa kabusha futhi ihlanganisa, futhi inani lamabhizinisi elingaphezu kosayizi oqokiwe libonise umkhuba wokukhula ngokushesha.Ngokwemininingwane ye-China Furniture Association, isibalo samabhizinisi efenisha ngaphezu kosayizi oqokiwe e-China sifinyelele ku-6410 ngo-2019.
2. Ukusatshalaliswa kwendawo yokuthuthukiswa kwemboni yefenisha
Ngokwezibalo ezingaphelele, iZhongshang Industry Research Institute yahlukanisa izindawo ezingama-32 zokuthuthukiswa kwefenisha yasekhaya.Ngokwezibalo, indawo yokuthuthukiswa kwefenisha yasekhaya isatshalaliswa kakhulu endaweni esempumalanga yogu, indawo emaphakathi, kanye naseningizimu-ntshonalanga.Ngokwenani lezindawo ezithuthukisiwe, isifundazwe sase-Guangdong sinenombolo enkulu yezindawo zokuthuthukiswa kwefenisha, enenani eliphelele elingu-5.
Isakhiwo semboni yefenisha esifundazweni sase-Guangdong silungile.Isibonelo, ifenisha ye-Shunde idumile ekhaya nakwamanye amazwe futhi inochungechunge lwezimboni oluphelele, okwenza umbuthano wemboni yefenisha ye-pan-Shunde ne-Shunde njengendawo eyinhloko.
Kulandelwa iSifundazwe saseZhejiang, esinezindawo ezi-4 zokuthuthukisa ifenisha;Isifundazwe saseJiangxi kanye neSifundazwe saseHebei ngasinye sinezindawo ezi-3 zokuthuthukisa ifenisha;Isifundazwe saseSichuan, iSifundazwe sase-Anhui, iSifundazwe saseHunan, iSifundazwe saseShandong kanye neSifundazwe saseJiangsu ngasinye sinezimbili;Zonke ezinye izifundazwe namadolobha ane-1.
3. Ukukhishwa kwefenisha
Kusukela ngo-2013 kuya ku-2017, ukukhiqizwa kwemboni yefenisha yaseChina kubonise umkhuba okhulayo.Ngo-2018, umbuso walungisa izinga lezibalo lomkhakha wefenisha.Ngo-2018, umkhiqizo wefenisha wamabhizinisi angaphezu kobukhulu obunqunyiwe wawuyizingcezu eziyizigidi ezingama-712.774, phansi ngo-1.27% unyaka nonyaka.Ukukhiqizwa kwefenisha ngo-2019 kwakuyizingcezu eziyizigidi ezingu-896.985, kwehle ngamaphesenti angu-1.36 unyaka nonyaka.
4. Isilinganiso semakethe yefenisha
Njengoba isimo somnotho omkhulu waseShayina esizinzile siqhubeka nokukhulisa inzuzo, izinga lemakethe yefenisha yokhuni yaseChina likhula kancane kancane.Ngo-2019, imakethe yefenisha yokhuni yaseChina yafinyelela kuma-yuan ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-637.2.Usayizi wemakethe kulindeleke ukuthi ufinyelele kuma-yuan ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-781.4 ngo-2024.
Phakathi kwazo, ukukhula kwemakethe yefenisha yamaphaneli kuzozinza, ngezinga lokukhula lonyaka lika-3.0% kusukela ngo-2019 kuya ku-2020 kanye nezinga lokukhula lonyaka elihlanganisiwe lika-4.8% kusukela ngo-2020 kuya ku-2024. Usayizi wemakethe wefenisha yephaneli kulindeleke ukuthi ufinyelele ku-461.3 billion yuan ngo-2024.
5. Isimo sokuthekelisa ifenisha
I-China ingumkhiqizi wefenisha omkhulu kunayo yonke emhlabeni, ngokudlondlobala kokuhwebelana kwezomnotho, inqubo yokwenziwa kwamazwe ngamazwe embonini yethu yefenisha iyashesha, umndeni wakwaZhongyuan, umndeni wakwaGujia, umndeni wakwaQumei kanye namanye amabhizinisi ifenisha ahlela imakethe yaphesheya kwezilwandle, izinga lokuthunyelwa kwempahla ekhaya belilokhu likhula eminyakeni emibili edlule.Ngo-2019, ukuthengiswa okuqoqiwe kwemboni yefenisha yaseChina bekungama-dollar ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-56.093, kwenyuke ngo-0.96% unyaka nonyaka.
Okubili.Isitayela sokuthuthukiswa kwemboni yefenisha
Ngemva kweminyaka ecishe ibe ngu-40 yentuthuko, imboni yefenisha yaseShayina isithuthuke isuka embonini yendabuko yezandla yaba imboni enkulu enobuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe kanye nemishini, ikakhulukazi esekelwe ekukhiqizeni okuzenzakalelayo kwemishini.
Umkhuba wemboni yefenisha ehlakaniphile ngeke ushintshe ngenxa yokungqubuzana kwamabhizinisi ambalwa wefenisha.Ngosizo lobuchwepheshe obusha obufana ne-inthanethi yezimboni kanye nedatha enkulu, isivinini esihlakaniphile somkhakha wefenisha sizoshesha futhi sisheshe.
Ngokuthuthuka okusheshayo kokukhiqizwa okuhlakaniphile, iphethini yalo lonke uchungechunge lwemboni yefenisha ishintshe kakhulu eminyakeni emihlanu edlule.Okokuqala, ukusebenza kwamabhizinisi efenisha yendabuko kuye kwehla kakhulu.
Okwesibili, izimboni eziwela imingcele zingena kancane kancane emakethe yefenisha.Isibonelo, imboni ye-IT emelwe yi-Xiaomi isondela eduze kwefenisha eyenziwe ngokwezifiso.Okwesithathu, ukunyuka kwefenisha yangokwezifiso kuphindaphindekile.
Ngokuthuthuka okusheshayo kokukhiqizwa okuhlakaniphile, ukuncintisana okuyinhloko kwamabhizinisi efenisha kuye kwashintsha kakhulu, kancane kancane kusukela ekuthembeleni emncintiswaneni obiza kancane wezinto zensiza ukuthuthukisa okuqukethwe kwezobuchwepheshe kanye nenani elengeziwe lemikhiqizo.Shintsha kusuka kumkhiqizo ohlanzekile uye kumkhiqizo + isevisi;Kusukela kumkhiqizi wefenisha kuya kumhlinzeki wesisombululo sesistimu yasekhaya.
Ngamanye amazwi, ukuncintisana kwamabhizinisi efenisha kuzodlulela kulo lonke uchungechunge lwezimboni.
Esimweni semakethe yanamuhla, ukuncintisana kuya ngokuya kushubile, imboni yefenisha ngokwayo ayinakho izinzuzo ezisimeme zokuncintisana, amabhizinisi awasakwazi ukunaka iphuzu elilodwa lomkhiqizo, izinga lenkonzo emva kokuthengisa isevisi futhi abangane bethu bebhizinisi abakwazi. indiva iphuzu elibalulekile.Ukwaneliseka kwabathengi kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokuthi amabhizinisi amemezele, kodwa futhi indlela engcono kakhulu yokuthi amabhizinisi asungule isithombe somkhiqizo, akhe ukwethembeka kwabathengi futhi aqongelele amakhasimende.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Nov-03-2022